Abstract
This article examines two outcomes of the transition to adulthood for youth who are involved with both the child protection and juvenile justice systems, known as dual-system youth. Data from a longitudinal study conducted in Quebec between 2017 and 2021 with 1136 youth in care suggest that dual-system youth are less likely to graduate from high school and more likely to experience housing instability and homelessness than are youth who have been in child protection alone. The article demonstrates that the differences between the two groups are far from anecdotal. The potential interactions of these results with the youth’s interpersonal support network are also examined. Finally, this article paints a bleaker picture of the situations dual-system youth experience during the transition to adulthood. It emphasizes the importance of focusing on the outcomes of the transition to adulthood to design socio-legal actions that can better prepare dual-system youth for this stage of their lives.
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Notes
The First Nations principles of ownership, control, access, and possession (OCAP) suggest to not publish research that concerns them without consulting community representatives. We therefore included the cultural community’s variable in the models in our analyses to better estimate the results. However, we have removed this variable from the results table. Given that this article is not specifically focused on the effects associated with different ethnic identities, we do not discuss the specific results associated with these identities.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council, the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) and the Chaire-réseau de recherche sur la jeunesse du Québec (Youth Network Chair) for funding the research. We would also like to thank all of young people who participated to the study over the past five years.
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This research is funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), the Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI), and the Chaire-réseau de recherche sur la jeunesse du Québec (Youth Network Chair).
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MD: Conceptualization, Writing – Original draft preparation, Writing – Review and Editing, Visualization, Supervision, CG-D: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing - Original draft preparation, Writing – Review, Visualization MG: Principal Investigator, Methodology, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition, Feedbacks to the analysis and the manuscript AB: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing - Original draft preparation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The project obtained the authorization of the research ethics committee of the Institut universitaire jeunes en difficulté du CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal (MP-CJMIU- 16–02) in July 2016. In addition, each of the 16 regional health and social services institutions responsible for child protection in Quebec authorized the collection of data in their institution and access to medical records (child protection paths). Finally, informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all individual participants interviewed during the LCQF data collection waves. The research consent form signed by the participants authorized the research team to access and cross-reference administrative data with each other and with the questionnaire data.
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Dumollard, M., Gauthier-Davies, C., Goyette, M. et al. The Transition to Adulthood of Dual-System Youth in Quebec: A Focus on High School Graduation and Housing Situation. Child Adolesc Soc Work J (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-023-00944-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-023-00944-x