We present laboratory measurements showing the two-dimensional (2D) structure of energy conversion during magnetic reconnection with a guide field over the electron and ion diffusion regions, resolving the separate energy deposition on electrons and ions. We find that the electrons are energized by the parallel electric field at two locations, at the $X$ line and around the separatrices. On the other hand, the ions are energized ballistically by the perpendicular electric field in the vicinity of the high-density separatrices. An energy balance calculation by evaluating the terms of the Poynting theorem shows that 40% of the magnetic energy is converted to particle energy, $2/3$ of which is transferred to ions and $1/3$ to electrons. Further analysis suggests that the energy deposited on particles manifests mostly in the form of thermal kinetic energy in the diffusion regions.

中文翻译：

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实验室引导场磁重联过程中磁能转化为等离子体动能

我们提出的实验室测量结果显示了电子和离子扩散区域上的引导场磁重联期间能量转换的二维 (2D) 结构，解决了电子和离子上单独的能量沉积问题。我们发现电子在两个位置处被平行电场激发，即$X$线和周围的分隔线。另一方面，离子被高密度分离体附近的垂直电场以弹道方式激发。通过评估坡印廷定理的项进行的能量平衡计算表明，40% 的磁能转化为粒子能量，$2/3$其中被转移到离子和$1/3$到电子。进一步的分析表明，沉积在粒子上的能量主要以扩散区域的热动能的形式表现出来。