Improving surgical resection outcomes for locally aggressive tumors is key to inducing durable locoregional disease control and preventing progression to metastatic disease. Macroscopically complete resection of the tumor is the standard of care for many cancers, including breast, ovarian, lung, sarcoma, and mesothelioma. Advancements in cancer diagnostics are increasing the number of surgically eligible cases through early detection. Thus, a unique opportunity arises to improve patient outcomes with decreased recurrence rates via intraoperative delivery treatments using local drug delivery strategies after the tumor has been resected. Of the current systemic treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies), immunotherapies are the latest approach to offer significant benefits. Intraoperative strategies benefit from direct access to the tumor microenvironment which improves drug uptake to the tumor and simultaneously minimizes the risk of drug entering healthy tissues thereby resulting in fewer or less toxic adverse events. We review the current state of immunotherapy development and discuss the opportunities that intraoperative treatment provides. We conclude by summarizing progress in current research, identifying areas for exploration, and discussing future prospects in sustained remission.

中文翻译：

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针对局部侵袭性癌症的免疫疗法

改善局部侵袭性肿瘤的手术切除效果是实现持久的局部区域疾病控制和防止进展为转移性疾病的关键。宏观上完全切除肿瘤是许多癌症的标准治疗方法，包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、肉瘤和间皮瘤。癌症诊断的进步通过早期检测增加了适合手术的病例数量。因此，在肿瘤切除后，通过使用局部药物递送策略进行术中递送治疗，出现了一个独特的机会来改善患者的治疗效果，降低复发率。在当前的全身治疗（例如化疗、靶向治疗和免疫疗法）中，免疫疗法是提供显着益处的最新方法。术中策略受益于直接进入肿瘤微环境，从而改善肿瘤对药物的吸收，同时最大限度地降低药物进入健康组织的风险，从而减少或减少毒性不良事件。我们回顾了免疫疗法发展的现状，并讨论了术中治疗提供的机会。最后，我们总结了当前研究的进展，确定了探索领域，并讨论了持续缓解的未来前景。