One of the world's challenging energy issues is introducing practical and affordable technology for organosulfur removal in fuel. Adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) can address this issue if highly effective activated carbon (AC) derived from industrial waste with excellent textural properties is used. In this study, the derived ACs from glycerin pitch loaded with P and Fe (AC/P and AC/Fe) were used as adsorbents for the ADS of model fuel oils, such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) at mild operating conditions. Under the optimized experimental conditions, 0.3 g of adsorbent dosage, 60 min reaction time, 30 °C temperature, and pH 4, the maximal DBT removal of 96.28 and 43.64%, respectively, for AC/P and AC/Fe was realized. The results indicated that the phosphorus-doped AC/P increases the selectivity of the ADS mechanism for DBT removal. Kinetic investigations disclosed that the adsorption process follows second-pseudo-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The adsorbents remained active for five successive reuses, indicating their robust real-world applications. The electrochemical properties of the fabricated carbon electrodes were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry by coating the ACs with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a binder. The transition-metal-doped AC/Fe, though exhibiting 5 times lower surface area, showed the highest specific capacitance at a scan rate of 5 mVs^–1 (0.65 μF cm^–2). Similarly, the extended AC:PTFE capacitor at a 10% binder ratio offered the maximum capacitance value (1.13 μF cm^–2). The synthesized ACs demonstrated potential application as an electrode material, and hence glycerin pitch could be a low-cost precursor to improve the feasibility of commercial production of AC.

中文翻译：

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模型燃料油脱硫用甘油沥青活性炭的制备及电极应用


世界上最具挑战性的能源问题之一是引入实用且负担得起的技术来去除燃料中的有机硫。如果使用从工业废物中提取的具有优异结构特性的高效活性炭（AC），吸附脱硫（ADS）可以解决这个问题。在这项研究中，从甘油沥青衍生的负载 P 和 Fe 的活性炭 (AC/P 和 AC/Fe) 被用作模型燃料油 ADS 的吸附剂，例如在温和操作条件下的二苯并噻吩 (DBT)。在优化的实验条件下，吸附剂用量0.3 g、反应时间60 min、温度30℃、pH 4，AC/P和AC/Fe的DBT最大去除率分别为96.28%和43.64%。结果表明，磷掺杂的 AC/P 提高了 ADS 机制去除 DBT 的选择性。动力学研究表明，吸附过程遵循二阶伪动力学和Langmuir吸附等温线模型。吸附剂连续五次重复使用后仍然保持活性，表明它们在现实世界中的应用十分强劲。通过用聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）作为粘合剂涂覆活性炭，通过循环伏安法分析所制造的碳电极的电化学性能。过渡金属掺杂的 AC/Fe 虽然表面积降低了 5 倍，但在扫描速率为 5 mVs ^–1 (0.65 μF cm ^–2 ) 时表现出最高的比电容。类似地，粘合剂比例为 10% 的扩展 AC:PTFE 电容器提供了最大电容值 (1.13 μF cm ^–2 )。合成的活性炭显示出作为电极材料的潜在应用，因此甘油沥青可能是一种低成本的前体，以提高活性炭商业化生产的可行性。