Effective metabolic regulators play an essential role in regulating astaxanthin biosynthesis in . In this study, it was found that 5 mM glutamate increased the astaxanthin yield and biomass of D3 to 22.34 mg/L and 6.12 g/L, which were 1.22 and 1.33 times higher than the control group, respectively. Meanwhile, glucose uptake was increased and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was reduced with 5 mM glutamate. To further explore the interrelationship between glutamate and astaxanthin synthesis, the energy metabolism of D3 with and without glutamate was analysed. Glutamate promoted the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (EMP) metabolic flux, modulated the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), activated the ornithine cycle and purine metabolism, and provided more ATP and NADPH for astaxanthin accumulation. This study clarified the possible mechanism by which glutamate promoted astaxanthin accumulation in .

中文翻译：

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外源谷氨酸促进红法夫酵母D3虾青素产量和生物量共积累的能量代谢分析


有效的代谢调节剂在调节虾青素生物合成中发挥着重要作用。本研究发现，5 mM谷氨酸使D3的虾青素产量和生物量增加至22.34 mg/L和6.12 g/L，分别是对照组的1.22和1.33倍。同时，5 mM 谷氨酸可增加葡萄糖摄取并降低活性氧 (ROS) 水平。为了进一步探讨谷氨酸和虾青素合成之间的相互关系，分析了有和没有谷氨酸的 D3 的能量代谢。谷氨酸促进Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas途径（EMP）代谢通量，调节三羧酸（TCA）循环和戊糖磷酸途径（PPP），激活鸟氨酸循环和嘌呤代谢，并为虾青素积累提供更多的ATP和NADPH。这项研究阐明了谷氨酸促进虾青素积累的可能机制。