Materials-based H₂ storage plays a critical role in facilitating H₂ as a low-carbon energy carrier, but there remains limited guidance on the technical performance necessary for specific applications. Metal–organic framework (MOF) adsorbents have shown potential in power applications, but need to demonstrate economic promises against incumbent compressed H₂ storage. Herein, we evaluate the potential impact of material properties, charge/discharge patterns, and propose targets for MOFs’ deployment in long-duration energy storage applications including backup, load optimization, and hybrid power. We find that state-of-the-art MOF could outperform cryogenic storage and 350 bar compressed storage in applications requiring ≤8 cycles per year, but need ≥5 g/L increase in uptake to be cost-competitive for applications that require ≥30 cycles per year. Existing challenges include manufacturing at scale and quantifying the economic value of lower-pressure storage. Lastly, future research needs are identified including integrating thermodynamic effects and degradation mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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在金属有机框架中使用氢进行长期储能：机遇与挑战

基于材料的H _{2存储在促进H 2}作为低碳能源载体方面发挥着关键作用，但对于特定应用所需的技术性能的指导仍然有限。金属有机框架（MOF）吸附剂在电力应用中显示出潜力，但需要证明相对于现有压缩H ₂存储的经济前景。在此，我们评估了材料特性、充电/放电模式的潜在影响，并提出了 MOF 在长期储能应用（包括备份、负载优化和混合动力）中的部署目标。我们发现，在每年需要 ≤ 8 个循环的应用中，最先进的 MOF 的性能可以优于低温存储和 350 bar 压缩存储，但对于需要 ≥ 30 个循环的应用，需要增加 ≥ 5 g/L 才能具有成本竞争力。每年的周期。现有的挑战包括大规模制造和量化低压存储的经济价值。最后，确定了未来的研究需求，包括整合热力学效应和降解机制。