Using a case study design, the study focuses on identifying the institutional configuration that determines land take by low-density residential areas. Methodologically, it combines geospatial approaches and new institutionalism to capture and understand residential development, taking into account the interests, constraints and agency of local planning authorities, developers and households. The geospatial analysis shows that land take in the case study regions is primarily the result of low-density residential areas. We find that the combination of rural housing ideals, municipal policy objectives, municipalities' disengagement from spatial development and private sector interests are the main drivers for this kind of residential development. As the interests and constraints apply to all case study regions, the identified institutional configuration has high power in explaining low-density residential development. Our study thus uncovers a close link between the interests and constraints of actors, which on the one hand explains the limited impact of existing and new planning instruments on reducing land take, and on the other hand fosters path dependency in the development of low-density residential areas. Although there is some potential for change, breaking path dependency requires significant behavioural change among local planning authorities, developers and households.

中文翻译：

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了解低密度住宅区的土地占用：对地方规划当局、开发商和家庭的制度主义视角

该研究采用案例研究设计，重点是确定决定低密度住宅区土地占用的制度配置。在方法上，它结合了地理空间方法和新制度主义来捕捉和理解住宅开发，同时考虑到地方规划当局、开发商和家庭的利益、约束和代理。地理空间分析表明，案例研究区域的土地占用主要是低密度住宅区的结果。我们发现，农村住房理想、市政政策目标、市政当局对空间开发的脱离以及私营部门利益的结合是此类住宅开发的主要驱动力。由于利益和约束适用于所有案例研究区域，因此所确定的制度配置在解释低密度住宅开发方面具有很强的说服力。因此，我们的研究揭示了参与者的利益和约束之间的密切联系，一方面解释了现有的和新的规划工具对减少土地占用的有限影响，另一方面促进了低密度开发的路径依赖。居民区。尽管存在一些改变的潜力，但打破路径依赖需要地方规划当局、开发商和家庭的行为发生重大改变。