For accurate in vivo detection, nonspecific adsorption of biomacromolecules such as proteins and cells is a severe issue. The adsorption leads to electrode passivation, significantly compromising both the sensitivity and precision of sensing. Meanwhile, common antibiofouling modifications, such as polymer coatings, still grapple with issues related to biocompatibility, electrode passivation, and miniaturization. Herein, we propose a composite antibiofouling coating strategy based on zwitterionic metal–organic frameworks (Z-MOFs) and a combination of acrylamide hydrogels. On a well-designed TiO₂/Z-MOF/hydrogel photoelectrode, we achieve highly sensitive and selective detection of dopamine in complex biological environments. The hydrogel’s three-dimensional porous structure combined with unique microporous architecture of Z-MOF ensures effective sieving of interfering macromolecules while preserving efficient small molecules and electron transport. This innovative approach paves the way for constructing miniature, in vivo antibiofouling sensors for molecule monitoring in living organisms with complicated chemical environments.

中文翻译：

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用于抗污损和生物相容性多巴胺检测的水凝胶/MOF双修饰光电化学生物传感器


为了准确的体内检测，蛋白质和细胞等生物大分子的非特异性吸附是一个严重的问题。吸附导致电极钝化，严重影响传感的灵敏度和精度。与此同时，常见的抗生物污损改性，例如聚合物涂层，仍然面临与生物相容性、电极钝化和小型化相关的问题。在此，我们提出了一种基于两性离子金属有机框架（Z-MOF）和丙烯酰胺水凝胶组合的复合防污涂层策略。在精心设计的TiO ₂ /Z-MOF/水凝胶光电极上，我们实现了复杂生物环境中多巴胺的高灵敏度和选择性检测。水凝胶的三维多孔结构与 Z-MOF 独特的微孔结构相结合，确保有效筛分干扰大分子，同时保持有效的小分子和电子传输。这种创新方法为构建微型体内抗生物污损传感器铺平了道路，该传感器用于在复杂化学环境下的活生物体中进行分子监测。