Zwitterionic nanofiltration membranes, with high rejection to organic molecules while low rejection to monovalent salts, are promising for antibiotic desalination. However, due to the heterogeneous issue of interfacial polymerization, the residual amine groups result in polymer chain aggregation via hydrogen bonds, blocking the mass transfer of water and monovalent salts. Herein, EtOH-assisted Michael-addition/Schiff-base reaction strategy was proposed to solve the issue. NaOH was initially utilized to provisionally interrupt the hydrogen bonds between polymer chains. Meanwhile, with the assistance of EtOH, gallic acid diffused into the membrane and reacted with the amine groups on the polymer chains to form covalent bonds, which thoroughly destroyed the stacking of polymer chains. As a consequence, water permeance and antibiotic desalination efficiency of the membrane are improved. For example, the pure water permeance reaches 8.9 L m h bar, 1.7-fold enhancement compared with the pristine membrane. The membrane is applied for antibiotic desalination, offering long-term running stability, antifouling ability, as well as high efficiency in concentrated antibiotics.

中文翻译：

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通过抗生素脱盐后处理定制两性离子纳滤膜的微观结构


两性离子纳滤膜对有机分​​子具有高截留性，而对单价盐具有低截留性，在抗生素海水淡化方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而，由于界面聚合的非均相问题，残留的胺基导致聚合物链通过氢键聚集，阻碍了水和一价盐的传质。在此，提出了乙醇辅助迈克尔加成/席夫碱反应策略来解决该问题。 NaOH 最初用于暂时中断聚合物链之间的氢键。同时，在EtOH的帮助下，没食子酸扩散到膜中，与聚合物链上的胺基反应形成共价键，彻底破坏了聚合物链的堆积。结果，提高了膜的水渗透性和抗生素脱盐效率。例如，纯水渗透率达到8.9 L m h bar，与原始膜相比提高了1.7倍。该膜用于抗生素淡化，具有长期运行稳定性、抗污染能力，浓缩抗生素效率高。