The coupling between anammox and nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-DAMO) has been considered a sustainable technology for nitrogen removal from sidestream wastewater and can be implemented in both membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) and granular bioreactor. However, the potential influence of the accompanying hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the anaerobic digestion (AD)-related methane-containing mixture on anammox/n-DAMO remains unknown. To fill this gap, this work first constructed a model incorporating the C/N/S-related bioprocesses and evaluated/calibrated/validated the model using experimental data. The model was then used to explore the impact of HS on the MBfR and granular bioreactor designed to perform anammox/n-DAMO at practical levels (i.e., 0∼5% (v/v) and 0∼40 g/S m, respectively). The simulation results indicated that HS in inflow gas did not significantly affect the total nitrogen (TN) removal of the MBfR under all operational conditions studied in this work, thus lifting the concern about applying AD-produced biogas to power up anammox/n-DAMO in the MBfR. However, the presence of HS in the influent would either compromise the treatment performance of the granular bioreactor at a relatively high influent NH-N/NO-N ratio (e.g., >1.0) or lead to increased energy demand associated with TN removal at a relatively low influent NH-N/NO-N ratio (e.g., <0.7). Such a negative effect of the influent HS could not be attenuated by regulating the hydraulic residence time and should therefore be avoided when applying the granular bioreactor to perform anammox/n-DAMO in practice.

中文翻译：

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硫化氢对厌氧氨氧化和硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐依赖的厌氧甲烷氧化耦合技术的影响


厌氧氨氧化与硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐依赖的厌氧甲烷氧化（n-DAMO）之间的耦合被认为是侧流废水脱氮的可持续技术，并且可以在膜生物膜反应器（MBfR）和颗粒生物反应器中实施。然而，厌氧消化（AD）相关的含甲烷混合物中伴随的硫化氢（HS）对anammox/n-DAMO的潜在影响仍然未知。为了填补这一空白，本工作首先构建了一个包含 C/N/S 相关生物过程的模型，并使用实验数据评估/校准/验证了该模型。然后使用该模型探讨 HS 对 MBfR 和颗粒生物反应器的影响，该生物反应器设计用于在实际水平（即分别为 0∼5% (v/v) 和 0∼40 g/S m 下进行 anammox/n-DAMO ）。模拟结果表明，在本工作研究的所有操作条件下，流入气体中的 H2S 并未显着影响 MBfR 的总氮 (TN) 去除率，从而消除了应用 AD 生产的沼气为厌氧氨氧化/n-DAMO 供电的担忧在MBfR中。然而，进水中 H2S 的存在会在相对较高的进水 NH-N/NO-N 比率（例如 >1.0）下损害颗粒生物反应器的处理性能，或者导致与 TN 去除相关的能量需求增加。进水 NH-N/NO-N 比率相对较低（例如 <0.7）。流入 H2S 的这种负面影响无法通过调节水力停留时间来减弱，因此在实践中应用颗粒生物反应器进行厌氧氨氧化/n-DAMO 时应避免这种影响。