Nanoparticles (NPs) have become an important part of everyday life, including their application in dentistry. Aside from their undoubted benefits, questions regarding their risk to human health, and/or genome have arisen. However, studies concerning cytogenetic effects are completely absent. A group of women acutely exposed to an aerosol released during dental nanocomposite grinding was sampled before and after the work. Exposure monitoring including nano (PM0.1) and respirable (PM4) fractions was performed. Whole-chromosome painting for autosomes #1, #4, and gonosome X was applied to estimate the pattern of cytogenetic damage including structural and numerical alterations. The results show stable genomic frequency of translocations (F/100), in contrast to a significant 37.8% (<0.05) increase of numerical aberrations caused by monosomies (<0.05), but not trisomies. Monosomies were mostly observed for chromosome X. In conclusion, exposure to nanocomposites in stomatology may lead to an increase in numerical aberrations which can be dangerous for dividing cells.

中文翻译：

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牙科纳米复合材料机械加工过程中严重暴露的中年女性的基因改变分析


纳米颗粒（NP）已成为日常生活的重要组成部分，包括其在牙科中的应用。除了它们无疑的好处之外，关于它们对人类健康和/或基因组的风险的问题也出现了。然而，关于细胞遗传学效应的研究完全不存在。在工作前后，对一组严重暴露于牙科纳米复合材料研磨过程中释放的气溶胶的妇女进行了采样。进行了暴露监测，包括纳米粒子 (PM0.1) 和可吸入粒子 (PM4)。应用常染色体 #1、#4 和性染色体 X 的全染色体涂色来估计细胞遗传学损伤的模式，包括结构和数值改变。结果显示，基因组易位频率稳定 (F/100)，而由单体 (<0.05)（而非三体）引起的数值畸变显着增加 37.8% (<0.05)。单体性主要在 X 染色体上观察到。总之，口腔医学中暴露于纳米复合材料可能会导致数值畸变的增加，这对分裂细胞来说可能是危险的。