This contribution provides a comprehensive guide for evaluating the one-dimensional impedance response of dense mixed ionic and electronic conductors based on a physically derived transmission line model. While mass and charge transport through the bulk of a mixed conductor is always described by three fundamental parameters (chemical capacitance, ionic conductivity and electronic conductivity), it is the nature of the contact interfaces that largely determines the observed impedance response. Thus, to allow an intuitive adaptation of the transmission line model for any specific measurement situation, the physical meanings of terminal impedance elements at the ionic and electronic rail ends are explicitly discussed. By distinguishing between charge transfer terminals and electrochemical reaction terminals, the range of possible measurement configurations is categorized into symmetrical, SOFC-type and battery-type setups, all of which are explored on the basis of practical examples from the literature. Also, the transformation of an SOFC electrode into a battery electrode and the relevance of side reactions for the impedance of battery electrodes is discussed.

中文翻译：

---

重新审视传输线——混合离子和电子导体的阻抗


该贡献为基于物理导出的传输线模型评估密集混合离子和电子导体的一维阻抗响应提供了全面的指南。虽然通过大量混合导体的质量和电荷传输总是由三个基本参数（化学电容、离子电导率和电子电导率）来描述，但接触界面的性质在很大程度上决定了观察到的阻抗响应。因此，为了允许针对任何特定测量情况直观地适应传输线模型，明确讨论了离子和电子轨端部的终端阻抗元件的物理含义。通过区分电荷转移端子和电化学反应端子，将可能的测量配置范围分为对称、SOFC 型和电池型设置，所有这些都是根据文献中的实际示例进行探索的。此外，还讨论了 SOFC 电极向电池电极的转变以及副反应与电池电极阻抗的相关性。