The performance of biochar (BC) in reducing the transport of antibiotics under field conditions has not been sufficiently explored. In repacked sloping boxes of a calcareous soil, the effects of different BC treatments on the discharge of three relatively weakly sorbing antibiotics (sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, and florfenicol) via runoff and drainage were monitored for three natural rain events. Surface application of 1 % BC (1 %BC-SA) led to the most effective reduction in runoff discharge of the two sulfonamide antibiotics, which can be partly ascribed to the enhanced water infiltration. The construction of 5 % BC amended permeable reactive wall (5 %BC-PRW) at the lower end of soil box was more effective than the 1 %BC-SA treatment in reducing the leaching of the most weakly sorbing antibiotic (florfenicol), which can be mainly ascribed to the much higher plant available and drainable water contents in the 5 %BC-PRW soil than in the unamended soil. The results of this study highlight the importance of BC’s ability to regulate flow pattern by modifying soil hydraulic properties, which can make a significant contribution to the achieved reduction in the transport of antibiotics offsite or to groundwater.

中文翻译：

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生物炭通过改变土壤水文和增强抗生素吸附来减少抗生素转运


生物炭（BC）在野外条件下减少抗生素转运的性能尚未得到充分探索。在钙质土壤的重新填充的倾斜箱中，针对三个自然降雨事件，监测了不同BC处理对三种吸附性相对较弱的抗生素（磺胺嘧啶、磺胺二甲嗪和氟苯尼考）通过径流和排水的排放的影响。表面施用 1% BC (1%BC-SA) 可以最有效地减少两种磺酰胺抗生素的径流排放，这部分归因于水渗透的增强。在土箱下端建造 5%BC 改良渗透反应墙（5%BC-PRW）比 1%BC-SA 处理更能有效减少吸附最弱的抗生素（氟苯尼考）的淋溶，主要归因于 5%BC-PRW 土壤中的植物有效水和可排水水含量比未改良的土壤高得多。这项研究的结果强调了 BC 通过改变土壤水力特性来调节水流模式的能力的重要性，这可以为减少抗生素向场外或地下水的迁移做出重大贡献。