Ionic thermoelectricity (i-TE), as a new energy conversion and storage technology, has been widely discussed by the academic community. As one of the representatives of low-grade thermal energy recovery, i-TE has made remarkable progress and become an influential research direction in the energy field. Among them, thermoelectric ionogels have a wide range of applications in the field of energy recovery and utilization due to their excellent flexibility and stability, as well as their excellent thermoelectric conversion ability, providing many possibilities. The development of highly efficient and stable ionic thermoelectric devices is largely dependent on the development of new materials and structural designs. This paper focuses on the recent strategies for improving the efficiency of thermoelectric conversion in the field of ionic thermoelectric gels, including new methods for material design, structural optimization, and innovative developments in the application of thermoelectric materials. The evaluation indicators of thermoelectric conversion efficiency, including ionic thermal voltage, ionic conductivity and power output, ductility, and self-healing properties, as well as various application devices based on thermoelectric materials with excellent thermoelectric conversion properties, are highlighted. In addition, different challenges and strategies that need to be addressed are presented in the hope of providing inspiration and guidance for the commercialization of ionic thermoelectricity.
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