This study assessed whether genetic variants coding for certain enzymes involved in xenobiotic detoxification, antioxidant defences and DNA repair, along with exposure to environmental chemicals, were associated with an increased prostate cancer (PCa) risk. The study population consisted of 300 men (150 PCa cases and 150 controls) which underwent prostate biopsy as their serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were greater than 4 ng/ml. Genetic variants in , , , were determined and data for chemical exposures was obtained through a structured questionnaire and by biomonitoring in a subsample of cases and controls. High serum PSA levels were associated with a greater risk of PCa, while physical exercise appears to exert a protective effect against its development. In addition, elevated urinary levels of certain organic pollutants, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), bisphenol A (BPA), and ethyl-paraben (EPB), were associated with an increased risk of PCa.

中文翻译：

---

暴露于与氧化应激和外源代谢相关的环境污染物和遗传变异——与前列腺癌的关联

这项研究评估了编码某些参与异生物质解毒、抗氧化防御和 DNA 修复的酶的基因变异，以及接触环境化学物质是否与前列腺癌 (PCa) 风险增加相关。研究人群由 300 名男性（150 名 PCa 病例和 150 名对照）组成，他们因血清前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA) 水平大于 4 ng/ml 而接受了前列腺活检。确定了 、 、 、 中的遗传变异，并通过结构化调查问卷以及病例和对照子样本的生物监测获得了化学品暴露数据。高血清 PSA 水平与前列腺癌的风险增加相关，而体育锻炼似乎可以对其发展发挥保护作用。此外，尿液中某些有机污染物（如苯并芘 (BaP)、双酚 A (BPA) 和尼泊金乙酯 (EPB)）水平升高与 PCa 风险增加相关。