Regulatory Insights for On-Board Monitoring of Vehicular NOx Emission Compliance,Environmental Science & Technology

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Regulatory Insights for On-Board Monitoring of Vehicular NOx Emission Compliance
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c00079
Pei Zhao ₁ , Xiaomeng Wu _{1,

2} , Shaojun Zhang _{2,

3,

4} , Liqiang He _{1,

5} , Yanyan Yang ₆ , Qingyao Hu ₇ , Cheng Huang ₈ , Bingyan Yu ₉ , Ye Wu _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Laboratory of Transport Pollution Control and Monitoring Technology, Transport Planning and Research Institute, Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100028, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China
Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
Beijing Municipal Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048, China
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China
Key Laboratory of Internet of Vehicle Technical Innovation and Testing, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing 100191, China

Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) have adverse effects on human health and the environment. On-board monitoring (OBM), which can continuously collect vehicle performance and NOx emissions throughout the operation lifespan, is recognized as the core technology for future vehicle in-use compliance, but its large-scale application has not been reported. Here, we utilized OBM data from 22,520 HDDVs in China to evaluate their real-world NOx emissions. Our findings showed that China VI HDDVs had a 73% NOx emission reduction compared with China V vehicles, but a considerable proportion still faced a significant risk of higher NOx emissions than the corresponding limits. The unsatisfactory efficiency of the emission treatment system under disadvantageous driving conditions (e.g., low speed or ambient temperature) resulted in the incompliance of NOx emissions, especially for utility vehicles (sanitation/garbage trucks). Furthermore, the observed intertrip and seasonal variability of NOx emissions demonstrated the need for a long-term continuous monitoring protocol instead of instantaneous evaluation for the OBM. With both functions of emission monitoring and malfunction diagnostics, OBM has the potential to accurately verify the in-use compliance status of large-scale HDDVs and discern the responsibility of high-emitting activities from manufacturers, vehicle operators, and driving conditions.

更新日期：2024-04-29

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