Organisms exhibit extensive variation in ecological niche breadth, from very narrow (specialists) to very broad (generalists). Two general paradigms have been proposed to explain this variation: (i) trade-offs between performance efficiency and breadth and (ii) the joint influence of extrinsic (environmental) and intrinsic (genomic) factors. We assembled genomic, metabolic, and ecological data from nearly all known species of the ancient fungal subphylum Saccharomycotina (1154 yeast strains from 1051 species), grown in 24 different environmental conditions, to examine niche breadth evolution. We found that large differences in the breadth of carbon utilization traits between yeasts stem from intrinsic differences in genes encoding specific metabolic pathways, but we found limited evidence for trade-offs. These comprehensive data argue that intrinsic factors shape niche breadth variation in microbes.

中文翻译：

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基因组因素影响糖酵母菌的碳和氮代谢生态位宽度

生物体的生态位宽度表现出广泛的差异，从非常狭窄（专家）到非常广泛（通才）。已经提出了两种通用范式来解释这种变化：（i）性能效率和广度之间的权衡以及（ii）外在（环境）和内在（基因组）因素的共同影响。我们收集了在 24 种不同环境条件下生长的古代真菌亚门酵母菌亚门（来自 1051 个物种的 1154 种酵母菌株）的几乎所有已知物种的基因组、代谢和生态数据，以研究生态位宽度进化。我们发现酵母之间碳利用性状广度的巨大差异源于编码特定代谢途径的基因的内在差异，但我们发现权衡的证据有限。这些综合数据表明，内在因素塑造了微生物的生态位宽度变化。