Anion exchange polymers (AEPs) play a crucial role in green hydrogen production through anion exchange membrane water electrolysis. The chemical stability of AEPs is paramount for stable system operation in electrolysers and other electrochemical devices. Given the instability of aryl ether-containing AEPs under high pH conditions, recent research has focused on quaternized aryl ether-free variants. The primary goal of this review is to provide a greater depth of knowledge on the synthesis of aryl ether-free AEPs targeted for electrochemical devices. Synthetic pathways that yield polyaromatic AEPs include acid-catalysed polyhydroxyalkylation, metal-promoted coupling reactions, ionene synthesis via nucleophilic substitution, alkylation of polybenzimidazole, and Diels–Alder polymerization. Polyolefinic AEPs are prepared through addition polymerization, ring-opening metathesis, radiation grafting reactions, and anionic polymerization. Discussions cover structure–property–performance relationships of AEPs in fuel cells, redox flow batteries, and water and CO₂ electrolysers, along with the current status of scale-up synthesis and commercialization.

中文翻译：

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用于电化学和能源设备的不含芳基醚的聚合物电解质

阴离子交换聚合物（AEP）在通过阴离子交换膜水电解生产绿色氢气方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 AEP 的化学稳定性对于电解槽和其他电化学装置中系统的稳定运行至关重要。鉴于含芳基醚的 AEP 在高 pH 条件下不稳定，最近的研究集中在季铵化的不含芳基醚的变体上。本次综述的主要目标是提供有关电化学器件的不含芳基醚的 AEP 合成的更深入的知识。产生聚芳香族 AEP 的合成途径包括酸催化的聚羟基烷基化、金属促进的偶联反应、通过亲核取代合成紫罗烯、聚苯并咪唑的烷基化和 Diels-Alder 聚合。聚烯烃AEP通过加成聚合、开环复分解、辐射接枝反应和阴离子聚合制备。讨论内容涵盖燃料电池、氧化还原液流电池、水和CO ₂电解槽中AEP的结构-性能-性能关系，以及放大合成和商业化的现状。