This article articulates recent advances in palaeo‐ecology with the goals and ambitions of multispecies archaeology. It centres the synanthropic nexus as a key context for the study of early human‐animal relationships and argues that its evolution yields important yet currently overlooked dynamics shaping the structure of the archaeological record. I first show how the dominant heuristic of wild versus domesticated nonhuman animals obfuscates the inherent variability and creativity of past animal agency. I then illustrate how such agency is caught up with human behaviour and ecosystem impacts from relatively early on in human history, navigating historically shifting configurations of autonomy and control. Drawing on deep‐historical examples of synanthropic niches co‐assembled by human foragers and nonhuman animals, I argue that such interspecies configurations require careful attention to concepts of liminality and ferality and challenge species‐level approaches. I finally highlight potential human behavioural, material, and cosmological consequences of the synanthropic nexus, including integrative foraging patterns and notions of the giving animal, which play an important role in many Indigenous and ethnographic forager societies and illustrate the value of attending to this nexus as a focus of comparative multispecies research.

中文翻译：

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人类远古时期的野生生态：多物种考古学和古同步人类学

本文阐述了古生态学的最新进展以及多物种考古学的目标和抱负。它将同人关系作为研究早期人类与动物关系的关键背景，并认为其进化产生了重要但目前被忽视的塑造考古记录结构的动力。我首先展示野生动物与驯养非人类动物的主导启发法如何混淆了过去动物机构固有的可变性和创造力。然后，我将说明这样的机构如何从人类历史相对较早的时期就开始关注人类行为和生态系统的影响，引导自主和控制配置的历史转变。借鉴人类觅食者和非人类动物共同组装的同人生态位的深层历史例子，我认为这种种间配置需要仔细关注阈限和野性的概念，并对物种层面的方法提出挑战。最后，我强调了同人关系对人类行为、物质和宇宙学的潜在影响，包括综合觅食模式和给予动物的概念，它们在许多土著和民族志觅食社会中发挥着重要作用，并说明了关注这种关系的价值比较多物种研究的焦点。