Background:Lateral ankle sprains are one of the most common injuries in indoor and court sports. Self-reports and case studies have indicated that these injuries occur via both contact and noncontact injury mechanisms typically because of excessive inversion in combination with plantarflexion and adduction of the foot. Video-based documentation of the injury mechanism exists, but the number of cases reported in the literature is limited.Purpose:To retrieve and systematically analyze a large number of video-recorded lateral ankle injuries from indoor and court sports, as well as describe the injury mechanism, injury motion, and injury pattern across different sports.Study Design:Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods:A total of 445 unique video-recorded lateral ankle sprain injuries were retrieved from indoor and court sports of broadcasted levels of competition. The videos were independently analyzed by 2 different reviewers. Outcomes included classification of the injury mechanism according to the International Olympic Committee consensus guidelines, primary and secondary motions of ankle joint distortion, and documentation of the fixation point (fulcrum) around which the foot rotates.Results:Overall, 298 (67%) injuries were direct contact, 113 (25%) were noncontact, and 32 (7%) were indirect contact incidents. Direct contact injuries were especially prevalent in basketball (76%), handball (80%), and volleyball (85%), while noncontact injuries dominated in tennis and badminton (96% vs 95% across both). Inversion (65%) and internal rotation (33%) were the primary distortion motions, with the lateral forefoot (53%) and lateral midfoot (40%) serving as the main fulcrums. Landing on another player's foot was the leading cause of injury (n = 246; 55%), primarily characterized by inversion (79%) around a midfoot fulcrum (54%). The noncontact and indirect landings on floor (n = 144; 33%) were primarily characterized by a distortion around a forefoot fulcrum (69%).Conclusion:Two of 3 ankle sprains from online video platforms were direct contact injuries, with most involving landing on another player's foot. The distortion motion seems to be related to the injury mechanism and the fixation point between the foot and the floor. The injury mechanisms varied greatly between sports, and future studies should clearly differentiate and investigate the specific injury mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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室内和球场运动中的外侧踝关节损伤：445 个非连续案例系列的系统视频分析

背景：踝关节外侧扭伤是室内和球场运动中最常见的伤害之一。自我报告和案例研究表明，这些损伤是通过接触性和非接触性损伤机制发生的，通常是由于过度内翻以及脚的跖屈和内收所致。基于视频的损伤机制记录是存在的，但文献报道的案例数量有限。目的：检索并系统分析大量室内和球场运动中踝关节外侧损伤的视频记录，并描述不同运动项目的损伤机制、损伤运动和损伤模式。研究设计：横断面研究；证据级别，3。方法：从比赛转播级别的室内和球场运动中检索了 445 例独特的踝关节外侧扭伤损伤录像。这些视频由 2 位不同的评论者独立分析。结果包括根据国际奥委会共识指南对损伤机制进行分类、踝关节扭曲的主要和次要运动以及脚旋转的固定点（支点）的记录。结果：总体而言，298 例 (67%) 受伤直接接触事件、非接触事件 113 起（25%）、间接接触事件 32 起（7%）。直接接触性伤害在篮球（76%）、手球（80%）和排球（85%）中尤其普遍，而非接触性伤害在网球和羽毛球中占主导地位（两者分别为 96% 和 95%）。内翻（65%）和内旋（33%）是主要的扭曲运动，其中前足外侧（53%）和中足外侧（40%）是主要支点。另一名球员的脚着地是受伤的主要原因（n = 246；55%），主要特征是围绕中足支点（54%）的倒转（79%）。非接触式和间接落地地板（n = 144；33%）的主要特征是前脚支点周围的扭曲（69%）。结论：在线视频平台上发生的 3 例脚踝扭伤中，有 2 例是直接接触性损伤，其中大多数涉及落地在另一个球员的脚上。扭曲运动似乎与损伤机制以及脚与地板之间的固定点有关。不同运动项目的损伤机制差异很大，未来的研究应该明确区分和研究具体的损伤机制。