Background:Intact meniscus roots are a prerequisite for normal meniscal function, including even distribution of compressive forces across the knee joint. An injury to the root disrupts the hoop strength of the meniscus and may lead to its extrusion and the development of osteoarthritis. A medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) is often thought to have a primary degenerative pathogenesis. However, there is mention of some cases of MMPRTs where the patients have a solely traumatic injury to a previously healthy meniscus.Purpose:To describe a subpopulation of patients with traumatic MMPRT.Study Design:Systematic review; Level of evidence, 5.Methods:The Web of Science database ( www.webofscience.com ) was queried using the Medical Subject Headings term “medial root tear.” Articles were reviewed, and those evaluated for MMPRTs in a degenerative meniscus were excluded. A total of 25 articles describing cases of acute traumatic causes were included in this study. For these articles, the patient characteristics, injury mechanisms, and concomitant injuries evaluated were recorded and pooled.Results:The search revealed 660 articles, and 25 were selected for inclusion. A total of 113 patients with a traumatic MMPRT were identified and included in this review. The study population had a mean age of 27.1 years and a high share of men (64%). Also, this review displays how most patients with traumatic MMPRTs also suffer concomitant injuries (68%).Conclusion:The findings in this review support our hypothesis that there is a unique subgroup with acute traumatic MMPRTs that have unique patient characteristics, injury mechanisms, and combined injuries, compared with previously published reviews on MMPRTs.

中文翻译：

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创伤性和退行性内侧半月板后根撕裂之间的差异：系统评价

背景：完整的半月板根部是半月板正常功能的先决条件，包括压力在膝关节上的均匀分布。根部损伤会破坏半月板的环向强度，并可能导致其挤压和骨关节炎的发展。内侧半月板后根撕裂（MMPRT）通常被认为具有原发性退行性发病机制。然而，有提到一些 MMPRT 病例，其中患者先前健康的半月板仅受到创伤性损伤。目的：描述创伤性 MMPRT 患者的亚群。研究设计：系统评价；证据级别，5.方法：使用医学主题词“内侧根撕裂”查询 Web of Science 数据库 (www.webofscience.com)。对文章进行了审查，并排除了那些评估退行性半月板 MMPRT 的文章。本研究共纳入 25 篇描述急性创伤原因病例的文章。对于这些文章，记录并汇总了患者特征、损伤机制和评估的伴随损伤。结果：搜索发现 660 篇文章，并选择纳入 25 篇。共有 113 名患有创伤性 MMPRT 的患者被确定并纳入本次评价。研究人群的平均年龄为 27.1 岁，其中男性比例较高（64%）。此外，本综述还展示了大多数患有创伤性 MMPRT 的患者如何同时遭受伴随损伤 (68%)。 结论：本综述的研究结果支持我们的假设，即存在一个独特的急性创伤性 MMPRT 亚组，其具有独特的患者特征、损伤机制和与之前发表的 MMPRT 评论相比，综合伤害。