• Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were in situ homogeneously growing on the surface of metal–organic framework (MOF-808) by a covalent bond to construct a core–shell MOF@COF nanoparticle.

• MOF@COF optimized the crystallinity of perovskite to achieve 23.61% efficiency with superior open circuit voltage (1.20 V).

• MOF-assisted COFs to ‘trap’ leaked lead ions by in situ chemical fixation and adsorption.

• The amount of lead leakage (<5 ppm) satisfied the laboratory assessment.

中文翻译：

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多功能MOF@COF纳米粒子介导的钙钛矿薄膜管理以实现可持续的钙钛矿太阳能电池

• 共价有机骨架（COF）通过共价键原位均匀生长在金属有机骨架（MOF-808）表面，构建核壳MOF@COF纳米粒子。

• MOF@COF 优化了钙钛矿的结晶度，实现了 23.61% 的效率和优异的开路电压 (1.20 V)。

• MOF 辅助的 COF 通过原位化学固定和吸附来“捕获”泄漏的铅离子。

• 铅泄漏量（<5 ppm）满足实验室评估。