The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections has emerged as a serious threat to clinical treatment and global human health, and has become one of the most important challenges in clinical therapy. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop safe, effective, and new antibacterial strategies based on multifunctional nanomaterials for the accurate detection and treatment of MDR bacterial infections. Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is an emerging antibacterial therapeutic strategy that uses Fenton/Fenton-like metal-based nanocatalysts to convert hydrogen peroxide (HO) into hydroxyl radicals (OH) to destroy MDR bacterial infections. Despite the enormous potential of CDT, a single CDT has limitations such as low catalytic efficacy and insufficient production of HO. In this regard, CDT can be combined with other antibacterial strategies, such as photothermal therapy (PTT), in which CDT efficacy can be effectively enhanced by the PTT heating effect. Thus, the rational combination of PTT and CDT into one nanoplatform has been demonstrated as a highly efficient antibacterial strategy for achieving a better therapeutic effect. This review summarizes and discusses the latest advances in photothermal-enhanced CDT (PT/CDT) based on multifunctional nanomaterials for bacterial infection theranostics as well as the advantages, challenges, and future research directions for clinical applications, which will inspire the development of new PT/CDT based on metal-based photothermal nanocatalysts for future bacterial infection theranostics.

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基于纳米材料的协同光热增强化学动力学疗法对抗细菌感染的进展

多重耐药（MDR）细菌感染的流行已对临床治疗和全球人类健康构成严重威胁，并已成为临床治疗中最重要的挑战之一。因此，迫切需要开发基于多功能纳米材料的安全、有效、新型抗菌策略，以准确检测和治疗耐多药细菌感染。化学动力学疗法（CDT）是一种新兴的抗菌治疗策略，使用芬顿/类芬顿金属纳米催化剂将过氧化氢（H2O）转化为羟基自由基（OH）以消灭MDR细菌感染。尽管CDT潜力巨大，但单个CDT存在催化效率低、H2O产量不足等局限性。在这方面，CDT可以与其他抗菌策略相结合，例如光热疗法（PTT），其中CDT的疗效可以通过PTT的加热效应有效增强。因此，PTT和CDT合理组合到一个纳米平台已被证明是一种高效的抗菌策略，可以实现更好的治疗效果。本文总结并讨论了基于多功能纳米材料的光热增强CDT（PT/CDT）用于细菌感染治疗诊断的最新进展，以及临床应用的优势、挑战和未来研究方向，以期对新型PT的发展具有启发意义。 /CDT 基于金属基光热纳米催化剂，用于未来细菌感染治疗学。