Background:Blood flow restriction training (BFR-t) data are heterogeneous. It is unclear whether rehabilitation with BFR-t after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is more effective in improving muscle strength and muscle size than standard rehabilitation.Purpose:To review outcomes after an ACL injury and subsequent reconstruction in studies comparing rehabilitation with and without BFR-t.Study Design:Systematic review. Level of evidence, 3.Methods:A search of English-language human clinical studies published in the past 20 years (2002-2022) was carried out in 5 health sciences databases, involving participants aged 18-65 undergoing rehabilitation for an ACL injury. Outcomes associated with muscle strength, muscle size, and knee-specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were extracted from studies meeting inclusion criteria and compared.Results:The literature search identified 279 studies, of which 5 met the selection criteria. Two studies suggested that BFR-t rehabilitation after an ACL injury improved knee or thigh muscle strength and muscle size compared with rehabilitation consisting of comparable and higher load resistance training, with two studies suggesting the opposite. The single study measuring PROMs showed improvement compared to traditional rehabilitation, with no difference in muscle strength or size.Conclusion:BFR-t after an ACL injury seems to benefit muscle strength, muscle size, and PROM scores compared with standard rehabilitation alone. However, only 1 large study included all these outcomes, which has yet to be replicated in other settings. Further studies utilizing similar methods with a common set of outcome measures are required to confirm the effects of BFR-t on ACL rehabilitation.

中文翻译：

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前十字韧带损伤后血流限制干预措施与标准康复的比较：系统评价

背景：血流限制训练 (BFR-t) 数据是异构的。目前尚不清楚前十字韧带 (ACL) 损伤后使用 BFR-t 进行康复治疗是否比标准康复治疗更能有效地改善肌肉力量和肌肉大小。没有 BFR-t。研究设计：系统评价。证据水平，3.方法：对过去 20 年（2002-2022）中发表的英语人体临床研究进行检索，在 5 个健康科学数据库中进行，涉及年龄为 18-65 岁、正在接受 ACL 损伤康复的参与者。从符合纳入标准的研究中提取与肌肉力量、肌肉大小和膝关节特异性患者报告结果测量 (PROM) 相关的结果并进行比较。结果：文献检索确定了 279 项研究，其中 5 项符合选择标准。两项研究表明，与由相当的和更高负荷阻力训练组成的康复相比，ACL 损伤后的 BFR-t 康复可以改善膝盖或大腿的肌肉力量和肌肉大小，而两项研究则表明相反的结果。测量 PROM 的单项研究表明，与传统康复相比，肌肉力量或大小没有差异。结论：与单独的标准康复相比，ACL 损伤后的 BFR-t 似乎有利于肌肉力量、肌肉大小和 PROM 评分。然而，只有一项大型研究包含了所有这些结果，且尚未在其他环境中重复。需要利用类似方法和一组通用结果测量进行进一步研究，以确认 BFR-t 对 ACL 康复的影响。