Robotic drilling through direct cochlear access for cochlear implantation (CI) is currently a prominent area in the field of CI surgery. However, the safety of drilling remains an issue due to the limited space within the facial recess. Estimation and control of drilling force are critical to prevent drill‐bit breakthrough, excessive heat generation, and mechanical damage to the facial nerve. The bone drilling process presents a favorable application scenario for finite element (FE) analysis. In this study, a 3D FE model of temporal bone drilling is established for the first time to predict the drilling force. The self‐developed CI surgical robot validates these findings through experimental drilling. The experimental results show that the drilling process can be divided into three stages, and the corresponding force curve can be divided into six zones. The overall trend of temporal bone drilling is two force peaks and one trough in the middle. The drilling force is positively correlated with the feed rate. The FE results found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. Numerical simulation can be utilized as an invaluable tool for assisting in predicting the position of drilling tools and optimizing drilling parameters in the future.

中文翻译：

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人工耳蜗植入手术机器人通过直接耳蜗钻孔的生物力学有限元模拟

通过直接耳蜗通道进行机器人钻孔进行人工耳蜗植入 (CI) 是目前 CI 手术领域的一个突出领域。然而，由于面部凹陷内的空间有限，钻孔的安全性仍然是一个问题。钻孔力的估计和控制对于防止钻头突破、产生过多热量以及面神经机械损伤至关重要。骨钻孔过程为有限元（FE）分析提供了有利的应用场景。在这项研究中，首次建立了颞骨钻孔的3D有限元模型来预测钻孔力。自主研发的CI手术机器人通过实验钻孔验证了这些发现。实验结果表明，钻进过程可分为3个阶段，相应的受力曲线可分为6个区域。颞骨钻孔的总体趋势是中间有两个力峰和一个波谷。钻削力与进给量呈正相关。有限元结果与实验结果非常吻合。数值模拟可以作为帮助预测钻具位置和优化未来钻井参数的宝贵工具。