Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in IoT networks are one of the most devastating and challenging cyber-attacks. The number of IoT users is growing exponentially due to the increase in IoT devices over the past years. Consequently, DDoS attack has become the most prominent attack as vulnerable IoT devices are becoming victims of it. In the literature, numerous techniques have been proposed to detect IoT-based DDoS attacks. However, techniques based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) have proven to be effective in the detection of cyber-attacks in comparison to other alternative techniques. This paper presents a systematic literature review of AI-based tools and techniques used for analysis, classification, and detection of the most threatening, prominent, and dreadful IoT-based DDoS attacks between the years 2019 to 2023. A comparative study of real datasets having IoT traffic features has also been illustrated. The findings of this systematic review provide useful insights into the existing research landscape for designing AI-based models to detect IoT-based DDoS attacks specifically. Additionally, the study sheds light on IoT botnet lifecycle, various botnet families, the taxonomy of IoT-based DDoS attacks, prominent tools used to launch DDoS attack, publicly available IoT datasets, the taxonomy of AI techniques, popular software available for ML/DL modeling, a list of numerous research challenges and future directions that may aid in the development of novel and reliable methods for identifying and categorizing IoT-based DDoS attacks.

中文翻译：

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基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击检测的人工智能技术：分类、全面审查和研究挑战


物联网网络中的分布式拒绝服务 (DDoS) 攻击是最具破坏性和挑战性的网络攻击之一。由于过去几年物联网设备的增加，物联网用户数量呈指数级增长。因此，DDoS 攻击已成为最突出的攻击，因为易受攻击的物联网设备正在成为其受害者。在文献中，已经提出了多种技术来检测基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击。然而，与其他替代技术相比，基于人工智能 (AI) 的技术已被证明能够有效检测网络攻击。本文对 2019 年至 2023 年间用于分析、分类和检测最有威胁、最突出和最可怕的基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击的基于人工智能的工具和技术进行了系统的文献综述。物联网流量特征也得到了说明。本系统综述的结果为设计基于人工智能的模型来专门检测基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击的现有研究领域提供了有用的见解。此外，该研究还揭示了物联网僵尸网络的生命周期、各种僵尸网络家族、基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击的分类、用于发起 DDoS 攻击的重要工具、公开的物联网数据集、人工智能技术的分类、可用于 ML/DL 的流行软件建模，列出了众多研究挑战和未来方向，这些挑战和未来方向可能有助于开发新颖且可靠的方法来识别和分类基于物联网的 DDoS 攻击。