Circadian rhythms exert a profound impact on most aspects of mammalian physiology, including the immune and cardiovascular systems. Leukocytes engage in time-of-day–dependent interactions with the vasculature, facilitating the emigration to and the immune surveillance of tissues. This review provides an overview of circadian control of immune-vascular interactions in both the steady state and cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and infarction. Circadian rhythms impact both the immune and vascular facets of these interactions, primarily through the regulation of chemoattractant and adhesion molecules on immune and endothelial cells. Misaligned light conditions disrupt this rhythm, generally exacerbating atherosclerosis and infarction. In cardiovascular diseases, distinct circadian clock genes, while functioning as part of an integrated circadian system, can have proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on these immune-vascular interactions. Here, we discuss the mechanisms and relevance of circadian rhythms in vascular immunopathologies.

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昼夜节律对血管免疫病理学的影响

昼夜节律对哺乳动物生理学的大多数方面产生深远的影响，包括免疫和心血管系统。白细胞与脉管系统进行依赖于一天中时间的相互作用，促进组织的迁移和免疫监视。本综述概述了稳态和动脉粥样硬化和梗塞等心血管疾病中免疫-血管相互作用的昼夜节律控制。昼夜节律主要通过调节免疫细胞和内皮细胞上的趋化剂和粘附分子来影响这些相互作用的免疫和血管方面。错位的光照条件会扰乱这种节律，通常会加剧动脉粥样硬化和梗塞。在心血管疾病中，不同的生物钟基因虽然作为综合昼夜节律系统的一部分发挥作用，但可以对这些免疫-血管相互作用产生促炎或抗炎作用。在这里，我们讨论昼夜节律在血管免疫病理学中的机制和相关性。