Graphene oxide (GO) is an ideal two-dimensional material for enhancing the flexural strength and toughness of cement-based materials due to its exceptionally large theoretical specific surface area and Young's modulus. However, the smooth surface of GO results in weak bonding with the cement matrix. Additionally, GO has a tendency to agglomerate in cement paste, resulting in significant decreases in its specific surface area and its beneficial effect in cement-based materials. In this paper, GO modified by nano In(OH) (IGOs) was successfully prepared for improving its specific surface area, dispersion and bonding with the cement matrix. These improvements were achieved by utilizing urea and sodium citrate as nanoparticle stabilizers to adjust the pH of solution. Furthermore, the optimal compositions of IGO material as described above and its effects were identified through investigating the impact of IGOs on the cement paste.

中文翻译：

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通过掺入具有高比表面积的 GO/纳米 In(OH)3 复合材料来增强水泥浆体的机械性能和水化

氧化石墨烯（GO）由于其超大的理论比表面积和杨氏模量，是增强水泥基材料抗弯强度和韧性的理想二维材料。然而，GO 的光滑表面导致其与水泥基体的结合较弱。此外，GO在水泥浆体中容易团聚，导致其比表面积显着降低，从而降低其在水泥基材料中的有益效果。本文成功制备了纳米In(OH)(IGOs)改性的GO，以提高其比表面积、分散性以及与水泥基体的结合力。这些改进是通过利用尿素和柠檬酸钠作为纳米颗粒稳定剂来调节溶液的 pH 值来实现的。此外，通过研究 IGO 对水泥浆体的影响，确定了上述 IGO 材料的最佳组成及其效果。