Urban green spaces (UGSs) played a pivotal role in easing the effects of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. It is, therefore, relevant to identify factors influencing why people choose specific UGSs. This paper aims to investigate the preferences of residents of Kraków (Poland) regarding the selection of UGSs in times of crisis. Distance or travel time from home are among the key factors affecting the choice of UGSs. The paper verifies whether such other factor considerations as age, type of housing, and physical activity influence travel preferences to UGSs. We analyse residents' preferences regarding travelling to UGSs by integrating survey research with statistical and geostatistical methods, which is the innovative value of the research. The Computer Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) survey yielded 1353 returned questionnaires, which provided input data when combined with geostatistical analyses of network distance (routing). With nonparametric statistical methods, we could identify preferences of Kraków residents regarding travelling to UGSs during times of crisis. The primary results show that travel time was not always a factor when selecting UGSs. In times of crisis, the respondents were willing to cover larger distances to UGSs, namely up to 51 minutes on foot and 16 minutes by bicycle. We also demonstrated that there is a relationship between age and UGS travel time and a link between type of housing and UGS travel time. The results are inconclusive regarding the importance of distance to UGSs for people who are physically active. Note that accessibility recommendations for travel time often presented in the literature did not apply to Kraków in times of crisis.

中文翻译：

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危机时期的绿化：可达性、居民出行偏好以及出行时间的影响

城市绿地 (UGS) 在缓解 COVID-19 大流行限制的影响方面发挥了关键作用。因此，确定影响人们选择特定 UGS 的因素是相关的。本文旨在调查克拉科夫（波兰）居民在危机时期对地下储气库选择的偏好。离家的距离或旅行时间是影响地下储气库选择的关键因素之一。该论文验证了年龄、住房类型和身体活动等其他因素是否会影响地下储气库的旅行偏好。我们将调查研究与统计和地统计学方法相结合，分析居民对地下储气库的出行偏好，这也是本研究的创新价值。计算机辅助网络访谈 (CAWI) 调查收回了 1353 份问卷，这些问卷与网络距离（路由）的地统计分析相结合，提供了输入数据。通过非参数统计方法，我们可以确定克拉科夫居民在危机期间前往地下储气库的偏好。初步结果表明，旅行时间并不总是选择地下储气库时的一个因素。在危机时期，受访者愿意走更长的距离去地下储气库，即步行最多 51 分钟，骑自行车最多 16 分钟。我们还证明了年龄和 UGS 旅行时间之间存在关系，以及住房类型和 UGS 旅行时间之间存在联系。关于与 UGS 的距离对于身体活跃的人的重要性，结果尚无定论。请注意，文献中经常提出的有关旅行时间的无障碍建议并不适用于危机时期的克拉科夫。