Human interference in natural biogeochemical cycles has caused an unprecedented input of reactive phosphorus and nitrogen nutrients into the environment, contributing to perturbations of natural aqueous ecosystems (e.g., eutrophication). Furthermore, industrial phosphorus mining and Haber–Bosch ammonia production contribute significantly to global energy expenditures and greenhouse gas emissions. Existing wastewater treatment techniques, particularly those based on adsorption processes, have predominantly concentrated on nutrient removal, underutilizing the potential for the subsequent recovery of pure products. Recovering these nutrients from wastewaters (e.g., municipal, industrial, agricultural) can supplement mining and fertilizer production, leading to energy and emissions savings and contributing to a more circular resource economy. In addition, nutrient recovery provides economic incentives to expand the implementation of water treatment, which exhibits additional benefits, such as global public health and environmental remediation. Phosphate and total ammonia nitrogen (i.e., TAN, the sum of ammonia and ammonium) are emphasized in this Account because they comprise substantial portions of reactive phosphorus and nitrogen.

中文翻译：

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用于从废水中选择性回收磷酸盐和总氨氮的配体交换吸附剂

人类对自然生物地球化学循环的干扰导致活性磷和氮营养物质前所未有地输入环境中，导致自然水生态系统的扰动（例如富营养化）。此外，工业磷矿开采和哈伯-博世氨生产对全球能源支出和温室气体排放做出了重大贡献。现有的废水处理技术，特别是基于吸附工艺的技术，主要集中在营养物去除上，没有充分利用随后回收纯产品的潜力。从废水（例如市政废水、工业废水、农业废水）中回收这些营养物质可以补充采矿和化肥生产，从而节省能源和排放，并促进更加循环的资源经济。此外，营养物回收还为扩大水处理的实施提供了经济激励，这具有额外的好处，例如全球公共卫生和环境修复。本报告强调磷酸盐和总氨氮（即 TAN，氨和铵的总和），因为它们占活性磷和氮的很大一部分。