Objective:

Schizophrenia often occurs during youth, and psychosis risk syndrome occurs before the onset of psychosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether the visual event-related potential responses in youths with psychosis risk syndrome were defective in the presence of interference stimuli and associated with their clinical outcomes.

Methods:

A total of 223 participants, including 122 patients with psychosis risk syndrome, 50 patients with emotional disorders, and 51 healthy control subjects, were assessed. Baseline EEG was recorded during the three-stimulus visual oddball task. The event-related potentials induced by square pictures with different colors were measured. Almost all patients with psychosis risk syndrome were followed up for 12 months and were reclassified into three subgroups: conversion, symptomatic, and remission. The differences in baseline event-related potential responses were compared among the clinical outcome subgroups.

Results:

The average N2 amplitude of the psychosis risk syndrome group was significantly less negative than that in the healthy control group (d=0.53). The baseline average N2 amplitude in the conversion subgroup was significantly less negative than that in the symptomatic (d=0.58) and remission (d=0.50) subgroups and in the healthy control group (d=0.97). The average N2 amplitude did not differ significantly between the symptomatic and remission subgroups (d=0.02). However, it was significantly less negative in the symptomatic and remission subgroups than in the healthy control group (d=0.46 and d=0.38). No statistically significant results were found in the P3 response.

Conclusions:

Youths with psychosis risk syndrome had significant N2 amplitude defects in attention processing with interference stimuli. N2 amplitude shows potential as a prognostic biomarker of clinical outcome in the psychosis risk syndrome.

中文翻译：

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患有精神病风险综合征的青少年的 N2 反应及其与临床结果的关联：基于三刺激视觉奇怪范式的队列随访研究

客观的：

精神分裂症常发生在青少年时期，而精神病风险综合征则发生在精神病发作之前。本研究的目的是确定患有精神病风险综合征的青少年的视觉事件相关潜在反应在存在干扰刺激的情况下是否存在缺陷，并与其临床结果相关。

方法：

共有 223 名参与者接受了评估，其中包括 122 名精神病风险综合征患者、50 名情绪障碍患者和 51 名健康对照受试者。在三刺激视觉奇怪任务期间记录基线脑电图。测量了不同颜色的方形图片诱发的事件相关电位。几乎所有患有精神病风险综合征的患者都接受了 12 个月的随访，并被重新分为三个亚组：转化组、有症状组和缓解组。比较临床结果亚组之间基线事件相关潜在反应的差异。

结果：

精神病风险综合征组的平均 N2 振幅显着低于健康对照组（d=0.53）。转换亚组的基线平均 N2 振幅明显低于有症状亚组 (d=0.58) 和缓解亚组 (d=0.50) 以及健康对照组 (d=0.97)。有症状亚组和缓解亚组之间的平均 N2 幅度没有显着差异 (d=0.02)。然而，有症状亚组和缓解亚组的阴性结果明显低于健康对照组（d=0.46 和 d=0.38）。P3 反应中未发现具有统计学意义的结果。

结论：

患有精神病风险综合征的青少年在干扰刺激的注意力处理中存在显着的 N2 振幅缺陷。N2 振幅显示出作为精神病风险综合征临床结果的预后生物标志物的潜力。