The excellent energy storage performances of dielectric materials, a high energy density and efficiency, the stability in a wide range of temperature, frequency and cycling time, are surely desirable for the energy storage devices. A trade-off relationship between polarization and breakdown strength, however, limits the enhancement of energy storage properties of dielectric materials. To effectively boost the energy density and efficiency of dielectric capacitors, by inserting a BiFeO layer into the BaTiO film in present case, the symmetric BaTiO/BiFeO/BaTiO tri-layer film heterostructure with antiferroelectric-like characteristics was constructed based on the dual-interlayer coupling effect, what's more, its antiferroelectric-like characteristics will evolve with electric field. Such the tunable polarization behavior endows it with an enhanced maximum polarization but a reduced remnant one, a delayed saturation of polarization and a high breakdown strength, which are synergistically accountable for a large energy density (∼109 J/cm) and a high efficiency (∼82.6%), together with the good thermal (∼200 °C, Δ<3% & Δ<10%) and frequency (50 Hz–10 kHz, Δ<7% & Δ<13%) stabilities, particularly an outstanding cycling reliability (10 cycles, both Δ and Δ<1%). Hence these findings can provide some innovative ideas for enriching the performance tuning of ferroelectrics, especially in enhancing their energy storage characteristics.

中文翻译：

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对称 BaTiO3/BiFeO3/BaTiO3 异质结构中可调节的类反铁电极化行为和增强的储能特性

介电材料优异的储能性能、高能量密度和效率、在宽温度、频率和循环时间范围内的稳定性，无疑是储能器件所需要的。然而，极化和击穿强度之间的权衡关系限制了介电材料储能性能的增强。为了有效提高介质电容器的能量密度和效率，通过在BaTiO薄膜中插入BiFeO层，构建了基于双中间层的具有类反铁电特性的对称BaTiO/BiFeO/BaTiO三层薄膜异质结构。耦合效应，而且其类反铁电特性会随着电场的变化而演化。这种可调谐的极化行为使其具有增强的最大极化、减少的残余极化、延迟的极化饱和和高击穿强度，这些协同作用导致了大能量密度（∼109 J/cm）和高效率（ ～82.6%），以及良好的热稳定性（～200 °C，Δ<3% 和 Δ<10%）和频率（50 Hz–10 kHz，Δ<7% 和 Δ<13%）稳定性，尤其是出色的循环可靠性（10次循环，Δ和Δ<1%）。因此，这些发现可以为丰富铁电体的性能调节，特别是增强其储能特性提供一些创新思路。