Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are information provided by patients on their condition, function, well-being, or experience. Instruments to quantify PROs, called patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), allow standardized assessment of a unique dimension of health that cannot be measured physically. Herein, we discuss how to appraise PROMs critically and provide an update on their use in asthma clinical practice and research. Asthma-specific PROMs have been developed to measure a wide array of disease characteristics, including symptoms, medication use, exacerbations, and impairments to emotional and physical function. Some PROMs also include spirometry or expand questions to overlap with rhinitis symptoms. Use of PROMs to understand asthma control is included in management guidelines, yet real-world evidence of their effectiveness in improving asthma care remains limited. These instruments may be less accurate in characterizing patients with poorly controlled asthma and have modest correlation with exacerbation risk. Two new PROMs are highlighted, the Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire as an instrument to assess asthma control that incorporates domains related to exacerbation risk and impairment, and the CompEx as a composite of daily diary reporting combined with exacerbation events as an early efficacy signal for interventional trials. PROMs are fundamental to asthma assessment. Novel instruments may improve the detection of patients at risk for poor outcomes and shorten the drug discovery pipeline. However, urgent research is needed to understand their practical utility in clinical settings.

中文翻译：

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哮喘患者报告结果的更新

患者报告结果 (PRO) 是患者提供的有关其病情、功能、健康或经历的信息。量化 PRO 的工具称为患者报告结果测量 (PROM)，可以对无法物理测量的独特健康维度进行标准化评估。在此，我们讨论如何批判性地评估 PROM，并提供其在哮喘临床实践和研究中的最新应用。哮喘特异性 PROM 已被开发用于测量多种疾病特征，包括症状、药物使用、病情恶化以及情绪和身体功能损伤。一些 PROM 还包括肺活量测定或扩展问题以与鼻炎症状重叠。使用 PROM 来了解哮喘控制已包含在管理指南中，但其在改善哮喘护理方面的有效性的现实证据仍然有限。这些仪器在描述哮喘控制不佳的患者特征方面可能不太准确，并且与病情恶化风险的相关性不大。重点介绍了两个新的 PROM：哮喘损伤和风险问卷，作为评估哮喘控制的工具，其中包含与恶化风险和损伤相关的领域；CompEx，是每日日记报告与恶化事件相结合的综合体，作为介入治疗的早期疗效信号。试验。 PROM 是哮喘评估的基础。新型仪器可以改善对有不良结果风险的患者的检测，并缩短药物发现流程。然而，需要紧急研究来了解它们在临床环境中的实际用途。