This research investigated children's and adults' understanding of the mind by assessing beliefs about the temporal features of mental states. English-speaking North American participants, varying in socioeconomic status (Study 1: N = 50 adults; Study 2: N = 112, 8- to 10-year-olds and adults; and Study 3: N = 116, 5- to 7-year-olds and adults; tested 2017–2022), estimated the duration (seconds to a lifetime) of emotions, desires (wanting), preferences (liking), and control trials (e.g., napping and having eyes). Participants were 56% female and 44% male; 32% Asian, 1% Black, 13% Hispanic/Latino, 38% White (non-Hispanic/Latino), and 16% multiracial or another race/ethnicity. Children and adults judged that preferences last longer than emotions and desires, with age differences in distinguishing specific emotions by duration (). By 5 to 7 years, ideas about the mind include consideration of time.

中文翻译：

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这也会过去，但是什么时候呢？儿童和成人对情绪、欲望和偏好的持续时间的看法

这项研究通过评估对精神状态的时间特征的信念来调查儿童和成人对心灵的理解。讲英语的北美参与者，社会经济地位各异（研究 1：N  = 50 名成年人；研究 2：N  = 112，8 至 10 岁儿童和成人；研究 3：N  = 116，5 至 7 岁） - 岁和成年人；测试 2017-2022），估计情绪、欲望（想要）、偏好（喜欢）和对照试验（例如，打盹和睁眼）的持续时间（几秒到一生）。参与者中 56% 为女性，44% 为男性； 32% 亚洲人、1% 黑人、13% 西班牙裔/拉丁裔、38% 白人（非西班牙裔/拉丁裔）和 16% 多种族或其他种族/族裔。儿童和成人认为偏好比情绪和欲望持续时间更长，在通过持续时间区分特定情绪方面存在年龄差异（）。到了 5 到 7 岁，关于心灵的想法就包括了对时间的考虑。