Background and Hypothesis Based on a childhood intervention from ages 3 to 5 years that included additional fish consumption and which resulted in reduced schizotypal personality at age 23, we had previously hypothesized that omega-3 could reduce schizotypy. The current study tests the hypothesis that omega-3 supplementation reduces schizotypy in children. Study Design In this intention-to-treat, randomized, single-blind, stratified, factorial trial, a community sample of 290 children aged 11–12 years were randomized into Omega-3 Only, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Only, Omega-3 + CBT, and Control groups. Schizotypy was assessed using the SPQ-C (Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire for Children) at 0 months (baseline), 3 months (end of treatment), 6 months (3 months post-treatment), and 12 months (9 months post-treatment). Study Results A significant group × time interaction (P = .013) indicated that, compared with Controls, total schizotypy scores were reduced in both Omega-3 Only and Omega-3 + CBT groups immediately post-treatment (d = 0.56 and 0.47, respectively), and also 3 months after supplementation terminated (d = 0.49, d = 0.70). Stronger findings were observed for the interpersonal schizotypy factor, with both omega-3 groups showing reductions 9 months post-treatment compared with the CBT Only group. Schizotypy reductions were significantly stronger for those with higher dietary intake of omega-3 at intake. Sensitivity analyses confirmed findings. Conclusions Results are unique in the field and suggest that omega-3 can help reduce schizotypal personality in community-residing children. From an epidemiological standpoint, if replicated and extended, these findings could have implications for early prevention of more significant schizotypal features developing later in adolescence. Clinical Trial Registration “Healthy Brains & Behavior: Understanding and Treating Youth Aggression (HBB).” ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00842439, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00842439.

中文翻译：

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补充 Omega-3 可减少儿童精神分裂型人格：一项随机对照试验

背景和假设基于 3 至 5 岁的儿童干预，其中包括额外食用鱼类，并导致 23 岁时精神分裂型人格减少，我们之前假设 omega-3 可以减少精神分裂症。目前的研究检验了补充 omega-3 可以减少儿童精神分裂症的假设。研究设计 在这项意向治疗、随机、单盲、分层析因试验中，290 名 11-12 岁儿童的社区样本被随机分为仅接受 Omega-3、仅接受认知行为治疗 (CBT)、接受 Omega-3 治疗。 3 + CBT 和对照组。使用 SPQ-C（儿童分裂型人格问卷）在 0 个月（基线）、3 个月（治疗结束）、6 个月（治疗后 3 个月）和 12 个月（治疗后 9 个月）评估精神分裂症。研究结果 显着的组 × 时间交互作用 (P = .013) 表明，与对照组相比，仅 Omega-3 组和 Omega-3 + CBT 组在治疗后立即降低了总精神分裂评分（d = 0.56 和 0.47，分别），以及补充终止后 3 个月（d = 0.49，d = 0.70）。在人际分裂因素方面观察到了更强有力的结果，与仅 CBT 组相比，两个 omega-3 组在治疗后 9 个月均显示出减少。对于那些在饮食中摄入 omega-3 较高的人来说，精神分裂症的减少明显更强。敏感性分析证实了研究结果。结论 结果在该领域是独一无二的，表明 omega-3 可以帮助减少社区儿童的精神分裂型人格。从流行病学的角度来看，如果重复和扩展，这些发现可能对早期预防青春期后期出现的更重要的精神分裂特征具有影响。临床试验注册“健康的大脑和行为：理解和治疗青少年攻击行为（HBB）。” ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符：NCT00842439，https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00842439。