The success of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has driven the vigorous development of mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles. As a key component of LIBs, the energy density of traditional cathode materials has approached the theoretical limit, and the scarce transition metal elements have significantly increased the cost of batteries. In pursuit of cheap, abundant, and high-capacity materials, more attention is being focused on conversion-type cathodes. Sulfur (S), as a competitive nonmetallic element with extremely high theoretical capacity, has been widely studied in recent years. However, the poor conductivity of S and its discharge product, high solubility of the intermediate product polysulfides, and large volume change during cycling limit the practicality of S cathodes. Organosulfur materials, as a supplement to S cathodes, are considered promising organic electrode materials due to their high capacity, structural designability, and low cost. Unfortunately, the inherent high solubility and sluggish kinetics of organosulfur molecules hinder their further development. To break through the bottleneck faced by organosulfur compounds, various strategies have been adopted including conductive additives, electrocatalytic mediators, advanced electrolytes, and modified separators. Among them, the introduction of inorganic components can effectively regulate the characteristics of organosulfur molecules, thereby greatly improving the electrochemical performance of organosulfur batteries.

中文翻译：

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可充电锂电池用混合有机硫正极材料

锂离子电池（LIB）的成功推动了移动电子设备和电动汽车的蓬勃发展。作为锂离子电池的关键组成部分，传统正极材料的能量密度已接近理论极限，而过渡金属元素的稀缺又显着增加了电池的成本。为了追求廉价、丰富和高容量的材料，更多的注意力集中在转换型正极上。硫（S）作为一种具有极高理论容量的竞争性非金属元素，近年来得到了广泛的研究。然而，S及其放电产物的导电性差、中间产物多硫化物的高溶解度以及循环过程中体积变化大限制了S正极的实用性。有机硫材料作为硫正极的补充，由于其高容量、结构可设计性和低成本而被认为是有前途的有机电极材料。不幸的是，有机硫分子固有的高溶解度和缓慢的动力学阻碍了它们的进一步发展。为了突破有机硫化合物面临的瓶颈，人们采取了多种策略，包括导电添加剂、电催化介体、先进电解质和改性隔膜。其中，无机组分的引入可以有效调节有机硫分子的特性，从而大大提高有机硫电池的电化学性能。