To advance the full potential of quantum networks one should be able to distribute quantum resources over long distances at appreciable rates. As a consequence, all components in such networks need to have large multimode capacity to manipulate photonic quantum states. Towards this end, a photonic quantum memory with a large multimode capacity, especially one operating at telecom wavelength, remains an important challenge. Here we optimize the preparation of atomic frequency combs and demonstrate a spectro-temporally multiplexed quantum memory in a 10-m-long cryogenically cooled erbium doped silica fibre. Our multiplexing storage has five spectral channels - each 10 GHz wide with 5 GHz separation - with up to 330 temporal modes in each, thus resulting in a simultaneous storage of 1,650 modes of heralded single photons with a 1000-fold increasing in coincidence detection rate with respect to single mode storage. Our results could pave the way for high speed quantum networks compatible with the infrastructure of fibre optical communication.

为了充分发挥量子网络的潜力，人们应该能够以可观的速率长距离分配量子资源。因此，此类网络中的所有组件都需要具有较大的多模能力来操纵光子量子态。为此，具有大多模容量的光子量子存储器，尤其是在电信波长下运行的光子量子存储器，仍然是一个重要的挑战。在这里，我们优化了原子频率梳的制备，并在 10 米长的低温冷却掺铒二氧化硅纤维中演示了光谱时间复用量子存储器。我们的多路复用存储有五个光谱通道 - 每个通道宽度为 10 GHz，间隔为 5 GHz - 每个通道最多有 330 个时间模式，因此可以同时存储 1,650 个预示单光子模式，同时符合检测率提高了 1000 倍关于单一模式存储。我们的结果可以为与光纤通信基础设施兼容的高速量子网络铺平道路。