In Internet of Things (IoT) systems, sensor nodes are frequently placed in remote and unattended locations to monitor environmental data. One significant challenge is ensuring the timely and efficient transmission of data generated by these sensor nodes back to the base station. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can provide a practical solution to this challenge by acting as mobile relay nodes for facilitating data transmission. In most existing works, UAVs are typically restricted to collecting data within their designated areas and returning to the base station for data offloading, resulting in suboptimal data timeliness due to long-distance flights. A limited number of works have explored the utilization of relay collaboration by UAVs for data collection, enabling efficient and immediate transmission of sensor node data to the base station. Nevertheless, UAVs positioned at significant distances from the base station face challenges in obtaining timely energy replenishment. This makes them unable to effectively support long-duration data collection missions. In order to tackle these challenges, we develop a UAV-aided IoT collaborative data collection mechanism and propose a matching games-based data collection (MGDC) scheme. In this scheme, we begin by identifying convergence nodes within the ground sensor network, responsible for uploading sensor-generated data to passing UAVs. Furthermore, we divide the mission area into multiple subareas based on the number of available UAVs. Subsequently, using a matching game algorithm, we establish relay relationships between UAVs to enable efficient relay transmissions among paired UAVs. To achieve efficient data collection of UAVs, we employ an improved adaptive large neighborhood search (IALNS) algorithm for UAV flight path planning. Finally, we incorporate an alternating charging mode to ensure all UAVs have the opportunity to return to the base station for energy recharge. Through comprehensive experimentation, we confirm the significant enhancement provided by our proposed data collection scheme compared to existing schemes. This scheme effectively reduces system age of information (AoI) and extends the runtime of the system.

在物联网(IoT) 系统中，传感器节点经常放置在远程且无人值守的位置来监控环境数据。一项重大挑战是确保这些传感器节点生成的数据及时有效地传输回基站。无人机（UAV）的使用可以作为移动中继节点来促进数据传输，从而为这一挑战提供实用的解决方案。在大多数现有工作中，无人机通常仅限于在指定区域内收集数据并返回基站进行数据卸载，导致由于长距离飞行而导致数据时效性不佳。有限的工作探索了利用无人机中继协作进行数据收集，从而实现传感器节点数据高效、即时地传输到基站。然而，距离基站较远的无人机在获得及时能量补充方面面临着挑战。这使得他们无法有效支持长期数据收集任务。为了应对这些挑战，我们开发了无人机辅助物联网协作数据收集机制，并提出了匹配的基于游戏的数据收集（MGDC）方案。在该方案中，我们首先识别地面传感器网络内的汇聚节点，负责将传感器生成的数据上传到经过的无人机。此外，我们根据可用无人机的数量将任务区域划分为多个子区域。随后，使用匹配博弈算法，建立无人机之间的中继关系，以实现配对无人机之间的高效中继传输。为了实现无人机的高效数据收集，我们采用改进的自适应大邻域搜索（IALNS）算法来规划无人机飞行路径。最后，我们采用了交替充电模式，以确保所有无人机都有机会返回基站进行能量充电。通过全面的实验，我们确认与现有方案相比，我们提出的数据收集方案提供了显着的增强。该方案有效降低了系统信息年龄（AoI），延长了系统的运行时间。