Misinformation can negatively affect cognition, beliefs, and behavior, and thus contribute to societal disruption. Correcting misinformation can counteract these effects by updating memory and beliefs. In this selective review, we highlight recent perspectives on and evidence for the role of memory in the efficacy of correction methods. Two theoretical accounts propose that repeating misinformation can impair or improve correction efficacy to the extent that familiarity or integrative encoding prevails. We summarize evidence that recollection of corrections can counteract potential interference from misinformation repetitions on memory and belief updating. The efficacy of such updating also declines over time, especially when misinformation sources are not remembered. We call for more research on the role of memory in everyday misinformation corrections to better understand interactions among these processes.

中文翻译：

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论记忆在错误信息纠正中的作用：重复曝光、纠正持久性和来源可信度

错误信息会对认知、信仰和行为产生负面影响，从而导致社会混乱。纠正错误信息可以通过更新记忆和信念来抵消这些影响。在这篇选择性综述中，我们重点介绍了记忆在纠正方法有效性中的作用的最新观点和证据。两种理论认为，重复错误信息可能会损害或提高纠正效果，达到熟悉或综合编码盛行的程度。我们总结了证据，表明纠正的记忆可以抵消错误信息重复对记忆和信念更新的潜在干扰。随着时间的推移，这种更新的效果也会下降，尤其是在不记得错误信息来源的情况下。我们呼吁对记忆在日常错误信息纠正中的作用进行更多研究，以更好地理解这些过程之间的相互作用。