Repetition increases belief in information, a phenomenon known as the illusory truth effect. In laboratory experiments, the illusory truth effect has often been examined using general trivia statements as stimuli, but repetition also increases belief in misinformation, such as fake news headlines and conspiracy beliefs. Repetition even increases belief in claims that are implausible or that contradict prior knowledge. Repetition also has broader impacts beyond belief, such as increasing sharing intentions of news headlines and decreasing how unethical an act is perceived to be. Although the illusory truth effect is robust, some interventions reduce its magnitude, including instruction to focus on accuracy and awareness of the illusory truth effect. These strategies may be effective for reducing belief in misinformation.

中文翻译：

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虚幻的真相效应：回顾重复如何增加对错误信息的信念

重复会增加人们对信息的信心，这种现象被称为虚幻真相效应。在实验室实验中，人们经常使用一般琐事陈述作为刺激来检验虚幻的真相效应，但重复也会增加对错误信息的信念，例如虚假新闻标题和阴谋论。重复甚至会增加人们对不可信或与先验知识相矛盾的主张的信心。重复还具有超乎想象的更广泛的影响，例如增加新闻头条的分享意图，并减少人们认为行为不道德的程度。尽管虚幻真相效应很强大，但一些干预措施会降低其程度，包括指导重点关注虚幻真相效应的准确性和意识。这些策略可能有效减少对错误信息的信念。