This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effectiveness of psychological interventions for internalising disorders in youth when delivered in routine settings. Secondary aims were to examine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy and determine moderators of treatment response. The study was pre-registered (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020202776). Databases were systematically searched (PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, PubMed, ERIC) in December 2022 and screened according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Inclusion: School aged participants (4–18 years) with a primary internalising disorder; psychotherapy delivered in a routine setting (e.g. outpatient clinic, school) by setting staff; compared psychotherapy to any control in a randomised controlled trial; reported pre-to-post or pre-to-follow-up comparisons on the primary disorder according to child, parent or independent evaluator report; and was published in English. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB 2.0 Cochrane tool. Results were synthesised using random effects to pool estimates. Risk ratios were used to analyse dichotomous data and standardised mean differences (SMD) for continuous data. Forty-five studies were included (N = 4901 participants; M = 13 years; range 8–16; SD = 2.5). Nine used waitlist control, 17 treatment as usual, 4 placebo; 15 compared psychotherapy to active control. Psychotherapy was associated with small significant effects pre- to post-treatment compared to non-active controls for anxiety (SMD = − 0.24 to 0.50) and depression (SMD = − 0.19 to 0.34) with effects differing by informant. Psychotherapy led to small significant pre-to-post-benefits in youth internalising disorders in routine settings. Results are limited by reporter type and follow-up.

这项系统回顾和荟萃分析旨在研究在常规环境中进行心理干预对青少年内化障碍的有效性。次要目标是检查认知行为疗法的有效性并确定治疗反应的调节因素。该研究已预先注册（PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020202776）。于2022年12月对数据库进行了系统检索（PsycINFO、Medline、Embase、PubMed、ERIC），并根据 PRISMA 2020 声明进行筛选。纳入范围：患有原发性内化障碍的学龄参与者（4-18 岁）；由机构工作人员在常规机构（例如门诊、学校）提供心理治疗；在随机对照试验中将心理治疗与任何对照进行比较；根据儿童、家长或独立评估者报告，报告原发性疾病的前后或随访前比较；并以英文出版。使用 ROB 2.0 Cochrane 工具评估偏倚风险。使用随机效应来汇总估计值来合成结果。风险比用于分析二分数据和连续数据的标准化均差（SMD）。纳入了 45 项研究（N  = 4901 名参与者；M  = 13 岁；范围 8-16；SD  = 2.5）。 9 人使用候补对照，17 人照常治疗，4 人使用安慰剂； 15 将心理治疗与主动控制进行了比较。与非主动对照组相比，心理治疗在治疗前和治疗后对焦虑（SMD = − 0.24 至 0.50）和抑郁（SMD = − 0.19 至 0.34）产生较小的显着影响，且影响因受访者而异。心理治疗对青少年日常环境中的内化障碍产生了显着的治疗前和治疗后的小益处。结果受到报告者类型和后续行动的限制。