Rather than serving as a mere onlooker, adipose tissue is a complex endocrine organ and active participant in disease initiation and progression. Disruptions of biological processes operating within adipose can disturb healthy systemic physiology, the sequelae of which include metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. A burgeoning interest in the field of adipose research has allowed for the elucidation of regulatory networks underlying both adipose tissue function and dysfunction. Despite this progress, few diseases are treated by targeting maladaptation in the adipose, an oft-overlooked organ. In this review, we elaborate on the distinct subtypes of adipocytes, their developmental origins and secretory roles, and the dynamic interplay at work within the tissue itself. Central to this discussion is the relationship between adipose and disease states, including obesity, cachexia, and infectious diseases, as we aim to leverage our wealth of knowledge for the development of novel and targeted therapeutics.

中文翻译：

---

病理生理学中的脂肪组织重塑


脂肪组织不仅仅是一个旁观者，而是一个复杂的内分泌器官，并且是疾病发生和进展的积极参与者。脂肪内生物过程的破坏会扰乱健康的全身生理机能，其后遗症包括肥胖和 2 型糖尿病等代谢紊乱。人们对脂肪研究领域日益浓厚的兴趣使得能够阐明脂肪组织功能和功能障碍背后的调控网络。尽管取得了这些进展，但很少有疾病可以通过针对脂肪（一个经常被忽视的器官）的适应不良来治疗。在这篇综述中，我们详细阐述了脂肪细胞的不同亚型、它们的发育起源和分泌作用，以及组织本身内部的动态相互作用。此次讨论的核心是脂肪与疾病状态之间的关系，包括肥胖、恶病质和传染病，因为我们的目标是利用我们丰富的知识来开发新颖的靶向疗法。