Abstract

We run a series of experiments, involving over 4,000 online participants and over 10,000 school-aged youth. When individuals are asked to subjectively describe their performance on a male-typed task relating to math and science, we find a large gender gap in self-evaluations. This gap arises both when self-evaluations are provided to potential employers, and thus measure self-promotion, and when self-evaluations are not driven by incentives to promote. The gender gap in self-evaluations proves persistent and arises as early as the sixth grade. No gender gap arises, however, if individuals are instead asked about their performance on a more female-typed task.

中文翻译：

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自我推销中的性别差距

摘要

我们进行了一系列实验，涉及 4,000 多名在线参与者和 10,000 多名学龄青年。当要求个人主观描述他们在与数学和科学相关的男性类型任务中的表现时，我们发现自我评估中存在很大的性别差距。当向潜在雇主提供自我评估并因此衡量自我提升时，以及当自我评估不受促进激励的驱动时，都会出现这种差距。自我评估中的性别差距被证明是持续存在的，并且早在六年级时就出现了。然而，如果个人被问及他们在更女性化的任务中的表现，则不会出现性别差异。