There is widespread interest in the possibility that music training enhances nonmusical abilities. This possibility has been examined primarily for speech perception and domain-general abilities such as IQ. Although social and emotional processes are central to many musical activities, transfer from music training to socioemotional skills remains underexplored. Here we synthesize results from studies examining associations between music training and emotion recognition in voices and faces. Enhancements are typically observed for vocal emotions but not for faces, although most evidence is cross-sectional. These findings are discussed considering the design features of the studies. Future research could explore further the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying musician-related differences in emotion recognition, the role of predispositions, and the implications for broader aspects of socioemotional functioning.

人们对音乐训练增强非音乐能力的可能性产生了广泛的兴趣。这种可能性主要针对语音感知和领域通用能力（如智商）进行了检查。尽管社会和情感过程是许多音乐活动的核心，但从音乐训练到社会情感技能的转变仍未得到充分探索。在这里，我们综合了研究音乐训练与声音和面部情绪识别之间关联的研究结果。尽管大多数证据是横截面的，但通常会观察到声音情绪的增强而不是面部。考虑到研究的设计特征，对这些发现进行了讨论。未来的研究可以进一步探索与音乐家相关的情绪识别差异背后的神经认知机制、倾向的作用、